Doing Their Bit: Children and Young Adults Fight the War

When one thinks of war, horrible images of death and destruction come to mind. Among those images, children frequently are shown as victims. But there are many ways children can be affected by war, even when they are thousands of miles away from the actual conflict. This article exposes some of those effects on children in Smith County, Texas

How Do We Intervene in the Stubborn Persistence of Patriachy in Communication Scholarship?

This paper analyzes the continued propensity of men to cite other men, and more importantly, to NOT cite the work of women, in Communication Studies. After documenting the continued and troubling persistence of the erasure of women's scholarship, the paper argues for intervening at the points at which the field reproduces itself

The Purpose and Value for Students of PBL Groups for Learning

Groups are central to problem-based learning (PBL) and educational and professional outcomes relevant to clinical education. However, PBL groups in practice may differ from theoretical conceptions of groups. Therefore, this study explored students’ understandings of the purpose and value of PBL groups for their learning. We conducted a naturalistic study with novice (first-year) students at two dental schools (Australia, Ireland), using observation and interviews analyzed thematically. Students constructed PBL learning as individual knowledge gain, and group purpose as information gathering and exchange; few students acknowledged the learning potential of group processes. Group value depended on assessment and curriculum context. Findings are explained in relation to how students’ epistemologies and perceptions of their learning contexts shaped group behaviour. Implications for health professional education practice are considered

Another Piece of the “Silence in PBL” Puzzle: Students’ Explanations of Dominance and Quietness as Complementary Group Roles

A problem-based learning (PBL) assumption is that silence is incompatible with collaborative learning. Although sociocultural studies have reinterpreted silence as collaborative, we must understand how silence occurs in PBL groups. This essay presents students’ explanations of dominance, leadership, and silence as PBL group roles. An ethnographic investigation of PBL groups, informed by social constructionism, was conducted at two dental schools (in Australia and Ireland). The methods used were observation, interviews, and focus groups. The participants were volunteer first-year undergraduates. Students attributed dominance, silence, and members’ group roles to personal attributes. Consequently, they assumed that groups divided naturally into dominant leaders and silent followers. Sometimes silence had a collaborative learning function, but it was also due to social exclusion. This assumption enabled social practices that privileged some group members and marginalized others. Power and participation in decision making in PBL groups was restricted to dominant group members

De l’importance d’être ordinaire

Si, aujourd’hui, les chaînes câblées payantes et autres plates-formes de vidéos à la demande proposent de plus en plus de séries au scénario très élaboré, interprétées par les plus grands noms d’Hollywood, à l’opposé du spectre de l’offre télévisuelle on trouve notamment les talk-shows et les programmes de téléréalité. Si les premiers rapprochent l’expérience télévisuelle de celle du cinéma, les seconds semblent l’en éloigner d’autant plus. En effet, ces émissions se caractérisent par le fait qu’elles produisent, mettent en œuvre et vendent de l’« ordinarité » [ordinariness]. Les émissions de téléréalité, tout comme les talk-shows qui sont plutôt diffusés en journée, sont à l’origine de nombreux changements dans l’univers de la production télévisuelle : nouvelles formes de travail, nouvelles stratégies de programmation, nouvelle esthétique, mais aussi des formes plus « ordinaires » de célébrité et surtout – c’est ce qui est au cœur de notre propos dans cet article – de nouvelles définitions du « talent ». Nous proposons donc d’étudier ces programmes fondés sur la réalité, à partir de la manière dont le concept de « talent » s’y négocie. Sachant que ces contenus sont en grande partie définis par leur recours à des personnes ordinaires plutôt qu’à des comédien·ne·s professionnel·le·s, et à des scénarios peu structurés (ou « situations »), plutôt qu’à des scènes écrites et répétées, nous nous demandons en quoi consiste le talent dans cette configuration, comment il est cultivé et (ce) qui en est à l’origine.Pay-for-view cable and other on-demand delivery systems are increasingly populated by high-concept dramatic series featuring some of the biggest names in Hollywood, whereas, on the other side of the tracks, we find, among other things, talk shows, and reality programming, which trade in the production and performance of “ordinariness.” While the former moves us closer to a cinematic experience, the latter presumably moves us farther away. Reality programs, like daytime talk shows before them, have generated new labor practices, new programming strategies and production aesthetics, more “ordinary” forms of celebrity, and, most important for our purposes here, new definitions of “talent.” Our interest in these genres turns on the concept of “talent” and how talent is brokered in the context of reality-based media. If such media are largely defined by the use of ordinary people instead of professional actors, and by loosely structured scenarios or “situations” in lieu of formal scripts and rehearsals, then of what does talent consist, and who/what is responsible for cultivating it?Hoy en día, los canales pagados de televisión por cable y otras plataformas de video a la carta ofrecen cada vez más series con un guión muy elaborado, interpretado por las figuras más importantes de Hollywood, en contraposición al espectro de la oferta televisiva, donde encontramos talk shows y reality shows. Si los primeros acercan la experiencia televisiva a la del cine, los segundos parecen alejarla aún más. En efecto, estos programas se caracterizan dado que producen, implementan y venden «ordinariedad». Los reality shows, como los talk shows, que se emiten durante el día, son el origen de muchos cambios en el mundo de la producción televisiva: nuevas formas de trabajo, nuevas estrategias de programación, una nueva estética, pero también formas más «ordinarias» de celebridad, y sobre todo –y es esto lo que constituye el centro de nuestra discusión en este artículo– nuevas definiciones de «talento». Por ello nos proponemos estudiar estos programas basados en la realidad, partiendo de la forma en que se negocia el concepto de «talento». Sabiendo que estos contenidos están definidos, en gran medida, por el uso de gente común y corriente en lugar de actores profesionales y escenarios (o «situaciones») no estructurados en lugar de escenas escritas y repetidas, nos preguntamos ¿qué es el talento en esta configuración, cómo se desarrolla, qué y quién está detrás de él

Why Employees Do Bad Things: Moral Disengagement And Unethical Organizational Behavior

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90243/1/j.1744-6570.2011.01237.x.pd

The Nippon Foundation—GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project: The Quest to See the World’s Oceans Completely Mapped by 2030

Despite many of years of mapping effort, only a small fraction of the world ocean’s seafloor has been sampled for depth, greatly limiting our ability to explore and understand critical ocean and seafloor processes. Recognizing this poor state of our knowledge of ocean depths and the critical role such knowledge plays in understanding and maintaining our planet, GEBCO and the Nippon Foundation have joined forces to establish the Nippon Foundation GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project, an international effort with the objective of facilitating the complete mapping of the world ocean by 2030. The Seabed 2030 Project will establish globally distributed regional data assembly and coordination centers (RDACCs) that will identify existing data from their assigned regions that are not currently in publicly available databases and seek to make these data available. They will develop protocols for data collection (including resolution goals) and common software and other tools to assemble and attribute appropriate metadata as they assimilate regional grids using standardized techniques. A Global Data Assembly and Coordination Center (GDACC) will integrate the regional grids into a global grid and distribute to users world-wide. The GDACC will also act as the central focal point for the coordination of common data standards and processing tools as well as the outreach coordinator for Seabed 2030 efforts. The GDACC and RDACCs will collaborate with existing data centers and bathymetric compilation efforts. Finally, the Nippon Foundation GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project will encourage and help coordinate and track new survey efforts and facilitate the development of new and innovative technologies that can increase the efficiency of seafloor mapping and thus make the ambitious goals of Seabed 2030 more likely to be achieved

Marine Compounds Selectively Induce Apoptosis in Female Reproductive Cancer Cells but Not in Primary-Derived Human Reproductive Granulosa Cells

Anticancer properties of tyrindoleninone and 6-bromoisatin from Dicathais orbita were tested against physiologically normal primary human granulosa cells (HGC) and reproductive cancer cell lines. Tyrindoleninone reduced cancer cell viability with IC50 values of 39 µM (KGN; a tumour-derived granulosa cell line), 39 μM (JAr), and 156 μM (OVCAR-3), compared to 3516 μM in HGC. Apoptosis in HGC’s occurred after 4 h at 391 µM tyrindoleninone compared to 20 µM in KGN cells. Differences in apoptosis between HGC and KGN cells were confirmed by TUNEL, with 66 and 31% apoptotic nuclei at 4 h in KGN and HGC, respectively. These marine compounds therefore have potential for development as treatments for female reproductive cancers

Seafloor mapping – the challenge of a truly global ocean bathymetry

Detailed knowledge of the shape of the seafloor is crucial to humankind. Bathymetry data is critical for safety of navigation and is used for many other applications. In an era of ongoing environmental degradation worldwide, bathymetry data (and the knowledge derived from it) play a pivotal role in using and managing the world’s oceans in a way that is in accordance with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 14 – conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development. However, the vast majority of our oceans is still virtually unmapped, unobserved, and unexplored. Only a small fraction of the seafloor has been systematically mapped by direct measurement. The remaining bathymetry is predicted from satellite altimeter data, providing only an approximate estimation of the shape of the seafloor. Several global and regional initiatives are underway to change this situation. This paper presents a selection of these initiatives as best practice examples for bathymetry data collection, compilation and open data sharing as well as the Nippon Foundation-GEBCO (The General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans) Seabed 2030 Project that complements and leverages these initiatives and promotes international collaboration and partnership. Several non-traditional data collection opportunities are looked at that are currently gaining momentum as well as new and innovative technologies that can increase the efficiency of collecting bathymetric data. Finally, recommendations are given toward a possible way forward into the future of seafloor mapping and toward achieving the goal of a truly global ocean bathymetry